The expansion of the money supply, which leads to a general increase in prices. Commonly misunderstood as 'rising prices' — prices are the symptom, monetary expansion is the cause.

The uneven distribution of newly created money. Those who receive new money first (banks, governments) benefit from old prices, while those who receive it last suffer from already-inflated prices.

A mathematical framework by Stéphane Laborde (2010) proving that the only monetary system ensuring spatial and temporal symmetry is one where money creation is distributed equally to all members via a Universal Dividend.

The equal share of newly created money distributed to each verified member of the monetary system. Calculated as: UD(t+1) = UD(t) + c² × (M(t) / N(t+1)), where c ≈ 10% annually.

A decentralized identity verification system where existing members certify new members through personal relationships. Prevents Sybil attacks (one person creating multiple accounts).

A standardized set of essential goods and services (housing, energy, food, transport) used to measure real purchasing power across currencies and time periods.

The principle that every person's time has equal monetary value in the creation process. UVD frames money creation not as income redistribution (taxes), but as a 'monetary birthright' — infrastructure, not welfare.

An on-chain optimization where instead of updating every account each block, a global UD Index is maintained. Individual accounts calculate their accrued UD only when transacting.